CURRENT AFFAIRS 2024 & 2025MCQS COMBINED SET
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HISTORY MCQ SET 32
Q.1 With reference to the Prathna Samaj consider the following statements : 1. Prathna Samaj was a movement for religious & social reforms 2. Prathna Samaj was founded in 1863 by the Dadoba Pandurang & his brother Atmaram Pandurang Select the correct answer using the codes given below : A)Only 1 B) Only 2 C) Both are correct D) Both are incorrect Ans. C It was a movement for religious and social reform in Bombay, India based on earlier reform movements. Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang in 31 March 1867 when Keshub Chandra Sen visited Maharashtra, with an aim to make people believe in one God and worship only one God. It became popular after Mahadev Govind Ranade joined. The main reformers were the intellectuals who advocated reforms of the social system of the Hindus. It was spread to southern India by noted Telugu reformer and writer, Kandukuri Veeresalingam. Q.2 Which of the following sites is the world’s oldest ancient Indus Valley Civilization site ? A) Petwad B) Sisai kali Rawan C) Rakhigarhi D) Bass Ans. C The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Harappan Civilisation, was a major early civilisation, existing from 3300–1300 BCE. It covered much of modern-day Pakistan and northwest India, as well as possessing at least one trading colony in northeast Afghanistan. Over 1400 Indus Valley civilisation sites have been discovered, of which 925 sites are in India and 475 in Pakistan.Only 40 sites on the Indus valley had been discovered in the pre-Partition era by archaeologists. The most widely known Indus Valley sites are Mohenjo-daro and Harappa; Mohenjo-daro is located in modern-day Sindh, while Harappa is in Pakistani Punjab. in British India, around 1,100 (80%) sites are located on the plains between the rivers Ganges and Indus.The oldest-known site of the Indus Valley Civilization, Bhirrana, and the largest site, Rakhigarhi, are located in the Indian state of Haryana. More than 90% of the inscribed objects and seals that were discovered were found at ancient urban centres along the Indus river in Pakistan, mainly in Harappa and Mohenjo-daro. More than 50 IVC burial sites have been found, including at Rakhigarhi (first site with genetic testing), Mohenjo-Daro, Harappa, Farmana, Kalibangan, Lothal, Dholavira, Mehrgarh, Banawali, Alamgirpur and Chanhudaro Q.3 The inscription of Hathigumpha is the source of information about which king ? A) Kharvela B) Ashok C) Harshavardhan D) Kanishka Ans. A The Hathigumpha Inscription is a seventeen line inscription in a Prakrit language incised in Brahmi script in a cavern called Hathigumpha in Udayagiri hills, near Bhubaneswar in Odisha, India. Dated between the second century BCE and the first century CE, it was inscribed by the Jain king Kharavela of the Kalinga kingdom Q. 4 Consider the following statements : 1. The Cabinet Mission upheld the unity of India & rejected the idea of independent Pakistan 2. Muslim league withdrew its acceptance of the Cabinet Mission Plan Select the correct answer using the codes given below : A)Only 1 B) Only 2 C) Both are correct D) Both are incorrect Ans. C A cabinet mission went to India on 24 March 1946 to discuss the transfer of power from the British government to the Indian political leadership with the aim of preserving India’s unity and granting its independence. Formed at the initiative of British Prime Minister Clement Attlee, the mission contained as its members, Lord Pethick-Lawrence (Secretary of State for India), Sir Stafford Cripps (President of the Board of Trade), and A. V. Alexander (First Lord of the Admiralty). The Viceroy of India Lord Wavell participated in some of the discussions. The Cabinet Mission Plan, formulated by the group, proposed a three-tier administrative structure for British India, with the Federal Union at the top tier, individual provinces at the bottom tier and Groups of provinces as a middle tier. Three Groups were proposed, called Groups A, B and C, respectively, for Northwest India, eastern India and the remaining central portions of India The Cabinet Mission’s plan failed because of the distrust between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League, and the British government replaced Lord Wavell with a new viceroy, Lord Mountbatten, to find new solutions. Q. 5 Who started the Mahad Satyagraha in Maharashtra in 1927 / A) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar B) Jyotiba Phule C) Sardar Vallabhai Patel D) Mahatma Gandhi Ans. A Mahad Satyagraha or Chavdar Tale Satyagraha was a satyagraha led by B. R. Ambedkar on 20 March 1927 to allow untouchables to use water in a public tank in Mahad. The day (20 March) is observed as Social Empowerment day in India. Q.6 Mahatma Gandhi advocated the establishment of which among the following in India where the people could pursue the ideal of simple living & high thinking ? A) Ideal Villages B) Ideal spiritual centres C) Ideal Towns D) Smart villages Ans. A Q.7 Which animal is engraved on Harappan seals ? A) Cow B) Goat C) Unicorn D) Horse Ans. C The Pashupati seal is a steatite seal which was uncovered in Mohenjo-daro, now in modern day Pakistan, a major urban site of the Indus Valley civilisation (“IVC”), during excavations in 1928–29, when the region was under British rule. The excavations were carried out by the Archaeological Survey of India, the official body responsible for preservation and excavation. The seal depicts a seated figure that is possibly tricephalic (having three heads). The seated figure has been thought to be ithyphallic (having an erect penis), an interpretation that has been questioned by many, but was still held by the IVC specialist Jonathan Mark Kenoyer in a publication of 2003. The man has a horned headdress and is surrounded by animals. He may represent a horned. Q.8 Which of the following items have not been found from the Harappan Graves ? A) Ornaments B) Pottery C) Cotton clothes D) Copper Mirror Ans. C Cotton clothes have not been found from the Harappan graves .
HISTORY MCQ SET 32 Read More »
G.S. 6 MAINS NOTES
2nd & 3rd TOPIC WILL BE UPLOADED ON 14TH SEPTEMBER 1. Geography of Uttarakhand- Location, Extent and Strategic Importance Uttarakhand has a total geographic area of 53,483 km2, of which 86% is mountainous and 65% is covered by forest. Most of the northern parts of the state are part of Greater Himalaya ranges, covered by the high Himalayan peaks and glaciers, while the lower foothills were densely forested till denuded by the British log merchants and later, after independence, by forest contractors. ganges & Yamuna take birth in the glaciers of Uttarakhand, and are fed by myriad lakes, glacial melts and streams Structure and relief : The state has been divided Geographically in three natural divisions:- Great Himalayas· Middle Himalayas· Hills of shivalik and Doon· Great Himalayas :-· This natural sub-division is known as himadri .this part extended 50km in width whose most of the mountainranges are 4,800 to 6,000 metre high.many glaciers are found in this part.and the sources of Bhagirathi , Alakhananda , and Yamuna etc. Famous mountains ranges of this region are :- Nandadevi (7,817 m)· Kamet ( 7,756 m)· Bander punch ( 6,315 m )· Mara ( 7,273 m)· Nandadevi eastern ( 7,434 m)· Chaukhambha( 7,138 m)· Trishul ( 7,120 m )· Doonagiri ( 7,066 m )· Panchachuli (6,904 m)· Nandakot ( 6,861 m)· Badrinath ( 7,138 m)· Middle Himalayas : Its situated in the south of Greater Himalayas.districts of Almora, Uttarkashi, Garhwal ,Tehri ,Nainital etc comes in this area. Mountain range are generally 3000 to 4000 metres high which is parallel to the chief ranges extended from east to west . The tree of chir,fir,sal,deodar etc. are mostly found in this area. These forests are very useful according to economical points of view because the woods of these forests are used for fourniture making. Hills of shivalik and doon : Also known as ‗foot of a mountain ranges‘ because these hills are situated in the south of Himalayas and comparatively of low height. The hills of shivalik are very narrow from north – west to south-east and extended in the down side. GLACIERS : Gangotri ( uttarkashi) Milaan ( pithoragarh) Poting Nabhik Pindari ( bageshwar ) Sundardhunga Kafani (―)· FAMOUS VALLEYS Shringakantha( uttarkashi- hp)· Thaga-la ( uttarkashi-tibet)· Muling-la-5669m( uttarkashi-tibet)· Bhara(chirbatia or dugari)-la 5608m( chamoli-tibet)· Neeti-5044m( chamoli -tibet)· Barahoti (chamoli – pithoragarh)· Kungari-wingari ( chamoli-tibet)· Darma (pithoragarh-tibet)· Lipulekh Trelpass ( bageshwar-pithoragarh)·
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***G.S. 5 MAINS NOTES
11th & 12th topic will be uploaded on 1ST SEPTEMBER 2024 10.Sir Henry Ramsay -Ramsay worked in Kumaon on various posts for 44 years, worked as a commissioner for 28 years -Henry Ramsay held the post of commissioner from 1856 to 1884, who was the 6th commissioner of Kumaon -In Kumaon, he was known as He was called Ramji Saheb -Ramsey was originally a resident of Scotland and was the cousin of Governor General Dalhousie -Ramsey was married to the daughter of former Commissioner Lushington -Ramsey is also called the uncrowned king of Kumaon -Ramsey was able to speak the Pahari dialect, and farmers and labourers used to eat roti made of lentils at home -Ramsey opposed the settlement of the British in Kumaon -Ramsey made the first attempt at disaster management in Uttarakhand -Henry Ramsey developed the city of Nainital as a centre for school education -Henry Ramsey used to live in Binsar, Almonda and Bhabar at intervals of four months each -Pastor William Butler established India’s first Methodist Church in Nainital in 1858 -Ramsey established the Terai Improvement Fund in 1883 for the development of Terai Bhabar -In 1867, the first landslide occurred in Nainital, the reasons for this were Hillsite Safety Committee was formed to find out the cause. -In 1880, a dangerous landslide occurred in Nainital, in which 151 people died -Wicket Settlement 1863-73 AD was the first scientific settlement of land and it was the 9th land settlement by the British -Ramsey, while working as Conservator in Uttarakhand, -ended the contract system -The Notified District Act 1874 was passed, the rules made for forest panchayats in Kumaon in 1931 were under this Act -Even after retiring in 1884, Ramsey lived in Almora till 1892 9. John Halliton After Lushington, Baton was the Kumaon Commissioner from 1848 to 1856. • Baton made a twenty-year settlement, the specialty of which was the Khasra survey Commissioner Strachey built the first iron suspension bridge in Garhwal in Srinagar, its cost was Rs 17078-1853. 8.British rule in Uttarakhand: British rule in Uttarakhand began in 1815 AD in Garhwal region. It was divided into parts. The British had control over the area east of the Alaknanda river and the western part of the Alaknanda was called British Garhwal and Tehri Garhwal -The British first set up a hemp factory in Kashipur -In May 1815, Edward Gardner was appointed the first commissioner of British Kumaon -Gardner’s tenure lasted for a total of 9 months, and his assistant was Trail -The Kumaon Commissioner was given authority as the representative of the British government in the Tehri State -From 1825 to 1842, the commissioner of Dehradun worked as the British agent in the Tehri State -The Tehri State was merged with the Punjab Hill State Agency in 1937 -In 1864, the post of Kumaon Commissioner became a High Court in itself -In 1926, the Kumaon region was placed under the jurisdiction of the Allahabad High Court -The Garhwal district was formed in 1839 and the Terai district was formed It was done in 1842 A.D. -There were a total of 23 British commissioners and one Indian commissioner in Kumaon. After independence, K.L. was the commissioner in Kumaon from 1947 to 1948 A.D. Mehta took over the post of Kumaon Commissioner -The 23rd Commissioner of British Kumaon was W. Finlay, who remained on this post from 1943 to 1947 -At the time of India’s independence, the Kumaon Commissioner was W. Finlay -The 22nd Commissioner of British Kumaon was J.C. Acton, who remained from 1941 to 1943. Before this, the Commissioner was Mr. Stiff -At the time of the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Kumaon Commissioner was P. Vidham, whose tenure was from 1914 to 1921 -At the time of the Swadeshi Movement, the Kumaon Commissioner was Campbell, whose tenure was from 1906 to 1914 AD -After Ramsay in 1884, the Kumaon Commissioner was Fisher -At the time of the establishment of the Congress in 1885 AD, the Kumaon Commissioner was G. Ross -Lushington started work on the Khairna-Nainital road in 1845. In 1848, a dam was built in the Gomti river in Bageshwar The bridge was constructed by Lushington -In 1847 AD, a surgeon was appointed in Nainital -In 1848, a dispensary committee was formed in Almora and a dispensary was established in Almora -Poet Gumani Pant has written some verses about Lushington 7. Battle of Khurbura Battle of Khurbura occurred in May 1804 near modern-day village of Dehradun, Khurbura The battle is regarded as the first major attack that triggered between Kingdom of Nepal forces and Maharaja Pradyuman Shah, and continued for 13 days until the Garhwal king was defeated. It is chiefly regarded the only defeat of Pradyumna Shah’s life and the victory of Gorkhali forces under Kingdom of Nepal. With great difficulty due to unstable circumstances caused by earthquake, Maharaja Pradyuman Shah first moved to Srinagar to Dehradun and then to Saharanpur arranging the forces to combat Gorkhas. King Pradyumna Shah of Garhwal Kingdon prepared for warfare by assembling 12,000 men of various groups under a Gujjar Sardar Ramadayal Singh of Landhaur. On the other hand, Gorkhali forces were led by overall commander ‘Bada Kaji’ Amar Singh Thapa, and his subordinate commanders Kaji Ranajit Kunwar and Bhaktibir Thapa. Pradyumna Shah on his horseback was having a conversation with Miya Dulal Singh of Prithvipur and momentarily, Kaji Ranajit Kunwar shot Pradyumna Shah to death. His shot proved successful as Garhwali soldiers ran away and the war finally ended. 6. Chand dynasty of Kumaon The Chand dynasty Kumaon was a Hindu dynasty that ruled the Kumaon area in present-day Uttarakhand state of India, after the decline of the Katyuri rule. One of the most powerful rulers of the Chand dynasty was Baz Bahadur (1638–78), who met Shahjahan in Delhi, and in 1655 joined forces with him to attack Garhwal, which was under its king, Pirthi Sah, and subsequently captured the Terai region including Dehradun, which was hence separated from the Garhwal kingdom. Baz Bahadur extended his territory east to Karnali river. In 1672, Baz Bahadur started a poll tax, and its revenue was sent to
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G.S. 1 MAINS NOTES
Q.3 & 4 WILL BE UPLOADED SOON !!! Q.2 Gupta age is called the Golden Age of indian Architecture. Explain The Gupta period is a golden era of India as it was effectively marked by extensive discoveries and inventions of science, technology, literature, and art. The era between the centuries of 4th and 6th, the CE (Common Era) is recognised as the Golden era of India due to the considerable achievements of the country in the fields of philosophy, science, and art. On the concept of Gupta age architecture, it includes both sculptural temples as well as the temples of rock-cut caves. Guptas established the temples of Buddhist rock-cut at Bagh, Madhya Pradesh, and Ajanta, Maharashtra. In the Gupta period, the Guptas established Hindu structural temples for the first time in India. The temples of Gupta era are: Varaha and Vishnu temples in Madhya Pradesh The temple of Kankali Devi at Jabalpur The temple of Mahadeva and Parvati at Nachna Kuthara The temple of Dasavatara at Deogarh Development of Indian classical music in Gupta era The era of Guptas is well known for its excellence on the grounds of Indian culture as well as art. In the concept of Indian classical music, the era of Guptas arrives from the exertions of Vatsyayana and Kalidasa among others. Kalidasa wrote multiple instruments of Indian classical music for instance Shankha, Vamshi, Mridang, Pushkar, Vipanchi Veena, as well as Parivadini Veena. Kalidasa also discussed different kinds of songs in the development of Indian classical music such as Apsarogeeti, Streegeet, and Kakaligeet, as well as Swarasaptaka, Tana, and Murchana Conclusion Based on the above discussion it can be concluded that the majority of historians and people call Gupta age a Golden era for the development of art and architecture. The study has discussed the architecture and art of the Gupta Empire as well as the development of Indian classical music in the Gupta era. In the era of Guptas, Indian music has developed effectively with musical activities. The common instruments of Indian music in this period were Mridang, Veena, Venu, Sankha as well as Bheri. Q.1 Distinguish between Nagara & Dravidian style of architecture Difference Between Nagara and Dravidian Style Parameters for Difference Nagara Style architecture Dravidian Style architecture Location Temples in the north Indian region are known as Nagara style temples. Temples in the South Indian region are known as Dravidian-style temples. Main temples spire Multiple Shikharas are present in the Nagara style of temples. Dravidian style has one single shikhara. Central Tower The shape of the central tower is curvilinear in the case of Nagara style temples. The shape of the central tower is a pyramid in the case of Dravidian style temples. Pedestal Pedestals are higher than the ground. Pedestals are not higher than the ground. Boundaries and deities Not much importance is given to the boundaries and deities found inside. Boundaries of the temple are given a lot of importance, and deities are found outside.
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APFC SET-3 – 5 QUESTIONS (FRAMED FROM WIKEPDIA & OTHER SOURCES
Q. 1 Consider the following statements : 1.A labour court recommendation under the terms of Industrial relations act, 1946-1990 may be appealed to Labour relations commissioner 2. A labour court shall consist of only one person to be appointed by the appropriate government Select the correct answer using the codes given below : A) Only 1 B) Only 2 C) Both are correct D) Both are incorrect Q.2 Which among the following statements correctly denotes to the term “Gherao” ? A) It is Physical blockade of a target either by retrenchment intended to block the regress & ingress from & to particular office , workshop etc. B) It is done to stop others from going to work & continue striking C) It is the strike where workers refrain from having food D) It is the form of strike wherein there is a deliberate delaying of production by the workmen pretending to be engaged in working Q.3 Consider the following : 1. Equal Remuneration Act 1976 2. Code on Wages 2019 3. Second National commission on Labour 1999 Select the correct answer using the codes given below : A) 1 & 3 B) Only 2 C) 2 & 3 D) 1,2,3 Q.4 Which among the following case comes under the category of Strikes & lock Out ? A) Syndicate bank vs Umesh Nayak A.I.R 1995 B) Indian Express Newspaper Vs State of Bengal 2005 C) Bata Shoe Ltd Vs D.N. Ganguly AIR 1961 D) Randhi Singh Vs Union of India AIR 1982 Q.5 With reference to the Atal Beemit Vyakti Kalyan Yojana , consider the following statements : 1. Allotment of labour Identification Number is one of the objective of this scheme 2. The maximum duration for which an IP shall be eligible to draw the relief will be 60 days Select the correct answer using the codes given below : A) Only 1 B) Only 2 C) Both are correct D) Both are incorrect
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